Sustainable Agriculture
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Agriculture is a significant sector in Vietnam, with rural farmers accounting for 70 percent of Vietnam's total population. Farmers are generally the poorest communities in Vietnam; 90 percent of Vietnam's poor population is rural. In addition, the livelihoods of the rural poor are heavily dependent on natural resources, so they are particularly vulnerable to environmental and climatic changes.
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Co Linh and An Thang are two remote communes of Pac Nam, one of the poorest districts in Bac Kan province. The communities in these communes need a wide range of support, from livelihoods development to sanitation and infrastructure. Based on the findings of the needs assessments conducted using PRA methods, SRD carried out the project "Improvement of marginalized community's livelihoods and sanitation" to improve the living conditions for the communities by meeting people's practical needs.
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System of rice intensification (SRI) is a set of eco-friendly farming practices proven to increase crop productivity while at the same time reduce inputs cost. SRI has been shown to work effectively in both mitigating and adapting to climate change as the system helps limit rice losses in harsh weather conditions, increase drought and pesticide resistance, reduce demand for irrigation water and shorten the harvest time and thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO2 and N2O. Due to its advantages, UNDP in the 2009 report "Viet Nam and Climate Change" has recommended SRI to be widely applied in Viet Nam.
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Industrialization and urbanization has resulted in the loss of farm land. In order to help farmers actively participate in effective land use and management, SRD initiated the project "Participatory Land Use and Management" in Tram Than, Bao Thanh and Vinh Phu communes of Phu Ninh district, Phu Thu province.
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With rural farmers comprising 70% of Viet Nam's population, and 90% of the poor living in rural areas, sustainable agriculture has been seen as a solid foundation for poverty reduction and the core of the country's development. Despite an annual agricultural growth of about 5.5%, Viet Nam has not yet achieved a level of sustainable agriculture characterised by economic growth, socio-economic equality and a well managed environment.
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Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) is an approach by which farmers are encouraged to participate in discussions and decision making processes about planning, developing, using and maintaining local irrigation works. This approach has helped improve and strengthen irrigation works and enhance farmers' ownership of better water resource management. Hung Long commune of Yen Lap district, Phu Tho province used to have a high rate of poor households, partly due to limited capacity and awareness of local people. SRD's project has attracted the participation of over 1500 poor farmers, with more than half being women.
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